The Chairmaker Part II
12. Round and other surfaces of the wood, the shape (figure) of which does not allow them to be planed, the chairmaker works with the drawknife (Schneidemesser) that was already discussed in a previous chapter, p. 142. Next he uses the rasp to even out these surfaces. He has flat and round rasps, "bird tongues," and various other rasps of graduated sizes and shapes so that he can work any desired surface with one or the other. The desired surfaces are additionally scraped with the scraper (Schabeissen), fig. XIII. Every scraper has straight, curved, and hollow edges, so that the professional can scrape flat, as well as convex and concave surfaces. The chairmaker scrapes large pieces of wood with the scraping blade (Schabeklinge), fig. XI, because he can comfortably grasp the blade with both hands on the wooden handles and, exerting his full strength, complete the scraping easier and faster. The blade is prepared with a three-edged burnisher.
13. Along with the common hand square, the chairmaker can also not do without the familiar carpenter's square (Winkelmass), p. 146. It often occurs that he needs to lay out two acute angles of the same size, and in this case it is easier for him to use the bevel gauge (Schiefmass), fig. XVI. It is similar to a common square except that the arm, a & b, is pinned to the arm, a & c, and both are connected by a bolt. One can therefore move the arm, a & c, in either direction up and down, and thereby make acute angles of any size.
14. The chairmaker seldom uses the gimlet (Handbohrer) and brace (Draufbohrer) because he joins the wooden parts with mortise and glue. With the brace, fig. XII, he drills the holes in the seats and backs of chairs though which the cane is pulled for caning. The brace has a wooden frame, a, b, & c, into which a small spoon drill, c, is inserted. The top moveable knob, a, the chairmaker places against the right shoulder and moves the frame of the drill, a, b, & c, with the left hand.
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